Karolina riječka - Caroline of Rijeka

Karolina Riječka

Rijeka kao grad, kao geografski pojam, kao insula u moru drugih gradova, zemalja, granica i htjenja. Flumen Sancti Viti, St. Veit am Phlaum, Fiume - ON, Citta di Fiume - ONA. Grad - Citta - ONA - mlada djevojka, vila prelijepa, iz neslućenih daljina a ipak blizu, zdrava naša gradska ljepotica, čista, prepuna očekivanja, lakih pokreta, suptilne igre božanskih koraka, poželjna žena, željna zaštite i ljubavi, sigurnosti, hrli u zagrljaj majke, "vraća" se majci zaštitnici, hraniteljici, majci jedinoj i voljenoj.

Fiume - ON - vladar dubina, muški lik, jak i postojan, poetičan u svojem vizualno aludiranom mitološkom porijeklu, čvrsto stoji na mjestu garantirajući pobjedu i mir. Kraj njega iz nepresušnog vrča voda teče kao simbol pokreta i budućnosti...

žena - što čvrstom voljom pokazuje put dobrodošlima i onima koji to već nisu. Savjest i kuratorica "naših interesa". Kreatorica naše prošlosti, sadašnjosti i budućnosti. žena - djevojka - akt - opet alegorijski prikaz poželjne mlade Rijeke što nam kao ljepotica garantira estetski i svaki drugi užitak i prosperitet.

"Indeficienter" - voda nepresušna, kao vječiti simbol promjene i nečeg budućeg. Kao alegorija za grad, za postojanje... Govoreći jezikom riječkim - fjumanskim ili nekim drugim, viđena u tuđim snovima, snivana, viđena od sebe same, željna takva, sva puna ushita, mladalačke energije i poleta, Rijeka - djevojka mlada i čedna sto hrli u zagrljaj majke, ili pak ljepotica neiskusna što opsjednuta ne zna kuda bi, kako i s kim bi.

U tim povijesnim izmaglicama ipak najviše prikazivana bila je kao žena, djevojka, što u vilinskoj igri stremi ka budućnosti... (1*)

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Poraz Napoleona u Rusiji 1812 godine, imao je za posljedicu novi savez europskih vladara protiv Napoleona i novo ratovanje. Tek što je stigla vijest o tom savezu u Rijeku, grad je bio napadnut jer se još nalazio u rukama Francuza. Jedna britanska ratna eskadra približila se Rijeci 3. srpnja 1813. godine. Nakon bombardiranja grada, što ga je prethodno napustila slaba posada, iskrcalo se kojih 600 vojnika. Iz državnih skladišta odneseno je sve što je vrijedilo, a brodovi pred gradom bili su opljačkani i spaljeni. Odnošenje zaliha nastavljeno je i 4. srpnja.

Čudom je žena riječkog trgovca Bellinicha, Carolina, izmolila u zapovjednika engleske eskadre poštedu građana i njihove imovine. Nedugo potom (26. kolovoza), još prije odlučnog poraza Napoleona kod Leipziga, austrijska je vojska zauzela Rijeku. Na čelu krajiških jedinica general Neugent nastavio je prema Trstu, slijedeći francusko začelje.

U ponovo osvojenim pokrajinama, nakon privremene vojno civilne uprave, pri kraju rujna 1814.g. uvodi se civilna uprava s okružnim kapetanijama. (2*)

Bellinich, Carolina

Riječka građanka, potječe iz obitelji Cragnez, rođena oko 1790.godine, a posljednji podaci o njoj zabilježeni su 1829. godine. Bila je udana za Andrea Bellinicha, kapetana gradske garde, s kojim je imala četvero djece. Proslavila se 1813. godine, a o njezinom činu govori pismo iz 1816. godine koje riječki magistrat upućuje carskom kapetanu.

U pismu se kaže da je Carolina Bellinich domišljatošću i hrabrošću spriječila bombardiranje Rijeke od strane engleske flote koju je vodio admiral Host, te se stoga traži od cara priznanje za taj pothvat. Priznanje dobiva 1829. samo od kapetanskog vijeća Rijeke, a njezin je suprug još za života primljen među riječke patricije zbog zasluga u sprječavanju sukoba britanske vojske i riječkih građana. Andrea Bellinich je 1820. godine jedan od dioničara Rafinerije šećera. (3*)

Inspiracija nam je bila Carolina, međutim, naša Karolina Riječka je kreativna i moderna mlada žena, ovdašnja djevojka i djevojčica. Karolina je neovisna, slobodna u promjenama, ona se razvija i raste. Junakinja je naših dana i našeg vremena. Vidimo je kao osobu vrijednu obožavanja poput junaka, u najpovoljnijim aspektima. Karolina je naša muza, nadahnuće i inspiracija, a možete je svakodnevno vidjeti na riječkom korzu, u kafiću, u disku ili na plaži; u sveučilišnoj knjižnici, na fakultetu, srednjoj školi, u sportskoj dvorani ili po brdima grobničkih Alpa. Pod maskom u koloni Riječkog Karnevala, razigrana, raspjevana djevojčica, naša Karolina Riječka. Karolina je nadarena za prijateljstvo i ljubav, ona nas očarava i progoni, nadahnjuje romantičnim strastima.

Karolina Riječka budi talente u drugima, ali pritom zadržava prostor i za samu sebe. Romantična, ona postaje dijelom razvoja moderne misli trećeg milenija. U držanju i radu, ona je daleko ispred svoga vremena. Vjerna svojoj otvorenoj prirodi, svojoj strasti prema životu i poslu, ona pokazuje i zamjetnu upornost u zadržavanju svog identiteta.

Korištena literatura:

(1*) Sveti Vid / Zbornik - V / Rijeka, 2000., Theodor de Canziani Jakšić / Alegorijski prikaz Rijeke u XIX i XX stoljeću, str.85.

(2*) Povijest Rijeke / Skupština općine Rijeka i Izdavački centar Rijeka. / Rijeka, 1988. / str.171. /

(3*) Portreti iz fundusa muzeja / Rijeka, 1999. / G. Kobler 1898., str.32. / kat. br. 21. /

Autor: Borivoj Bukva

Caroline of Rijeka

Rijeka, as a city, as a geographical term, as an island in the sea of other cities, countries, borders and yearnings. Fiumen Sancti Viti, St. Veit am Phlaum, Fiume - HE, Citta di Fiume - SHE. City - Citta - SHE - a young girl, the most beautiful fairy, from distances beyond all dreams, yet close, a natural beauty from our own city, pure, full of expectations, moving with ease, in a subtle game of divine steps, a desirable woman, craving for protection and love, and safety, rushing into her mother's embrace, "returning" to her protecting mother, to her nurturer, her only and beloved mother.

Fiume - HE - the lord of depths, a male character, strong and adamant, poetical in his mythological background to which we visually refer, standing firmly in his place and granting victory and peace. Beside him, the water flows from an inexhaustible jug, symbolizing the motion and the future…

Woman - with her firm will showing the way to the welcomed ones and to those who are no longer so. The conscience and curator of "our interests". The creator of our past, our present and our future. The woman - girl - nude - again an allegoric rendering of a desirable young Rijeka who, being a beauty, grants us our aesthetic, as well as any other pleasure and prosperity.

"Indeficienter" - inexhaustible water, as an eternal symbol of changes and of something that used to be once. An allegory of the city, of the very existence… speaking in the language of Rijeka - Fiumanese or some other, seen in dreams of others, dreamt of, seen by her own self, full of desire, full of youthful energy and zeal. Rijeka - a young and virtuous girl rushing into her mother's arms, or an inexperienced beauty who, being possessed, does not know where to go, nor how, nor who with.

Still, throughout the historical mists, she has mostly been rendered as a woman, a girl, aiming at the future in a fairy game… (1*)

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The consequence of Napoleon's defeat in Russia in 1812 was a new alliance of European sovereigns against Napoleon, as well as a new warfare. As soon as the news of this alliance had reached Rijeka, the town was attacked, since it was still under the French rule. A British military squadron approached Rijeka on July 3rd 1813. After shelling the city, which had previously been abandoned by a weak crew, some 600 soldiers disembarked.

Everything of any worth was taken away from the state warehouses; the ships anchored in the city port were plundered and torched. The plundering of the provisions continued on July 4th , too.

Miraculously, the wife of a merchant from Rijeka, called Bellinich, Caroline, persuaded the commander of the English squadron to spare the citizens and their possessions. Shortly afterwards (on August 26th), even before the decisive defeat of Napoleon near Leipzig, the Austrian army seized Rijeka. Heading the forces from the Croatian Military Border, general Neugent proceeded to follow the French towards Trieste.

In the regained counties, after a temporary military-civil administration, a civil rule with military districts was re-established at the end of September 1814. (2*)

Bellinich, Caroline

A citizen of Rijeka, originated from the Cragnez family, was born about 1790, her last bio-data recorded in 1829. She was married to Andre Bellinich, a City Guard captain, with whom she had four children. She became famous in 1813, and her brave act was described in a letter, which the Rijeka city hall sent to the Imperial Captain.

The letter reads that Caroline Bellinich prevented, due to her courage & wit, the shelling of Rijeka by the English fleet led by admiral Host, and the Emperor is asked to acknowledge the merit of her act. She received the recognition in 1829 from the Rijeka Captains' Council only, but in his lifetime, her husband was accepted by the city gentry in recognition of his merits in preventing the conflict between the British army and the citizens of Rijeka. As of 1820, Andrea Bellinich is one of the stockowners of the Sugar Refinery. (3*)

Caroline has been our inspiration, yet, our Caroline of Rijeka is a creative and contemporary young woman, a local young woman or girl. Caroline is independent in her transformations, she is developing & growing. She is the heroine of our days & our time. We see her as worthy of admiration as a heroine, in all her best qualities. Caroline is our muse, our inspiration, and can be seen daily on the Rijeka promenade, in a cafe bar, in a disco or at the beach; in the university library, at the university, in a high school, in a sports hall or somewhere in the hills of Grobnik Alps. Wearing a mask in the Rijeka Carnival, a playful and singing girl, our Caroline of Rijeka. Caroline has a gift of making friendships and cherishing love, she enchants & pursues us, she inspires our romantic passions.

Caroline of Rijeka arouses talents of others, yet keeps her own space. Being romantic, she is becoming a part of the contemporary, third-millennium thought. In her stature and work, she is far ahead of her time. True to her open nature, her passionate love for life and work, she also shows a remarkable perseverance in keeping her own identity.

Written by Borivoj Bukva
Translation by Draško Regul

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Literature:

(1*) Sveti Vid / Zbornik - V / Rijeka, 2000., Theodor de Canziani Jakšić / Alegorijski prikaz Rijeke u XIX i XX stoljeću, str.85.

(2*) Povijest Rijeke / Skupština općine Rijeka i Izdavački centar Rijeka. / Rijeka, 1988. / str.171. /

(3*) Portreti iz fundusa muzeja / Rijeka, 1999. / G. Kobler 1898., str.32. / kat. br. 21. /

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